the second type was brought in to take samples where there tundish temperature is below 1500degC for high carbon grades. hight carbon grades at our shopfloor can hit as high as 0.8 % (wt) C in liquid steel. the liquidous temperature of that steel goes down to around 1465 typically while some grades like 1008 have a liquidous of around 1525degC. the range is easily around 60degC.
extensively used top sampler does not give us properly filled and sized samples for high C grades at lower temperature in tundish. hence the second was introduced. still, the bottom samplers pose a different challenge at the lab because the robot there is not designed to handle that smaller sized sample. :-)
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